Advances in hillslope hydrology have been numerous in the past four decades. Fan and bras 1998 introduced the soil moisture storage capacity function s cx, defined as. British columbia is a diverse province with mountain ranges and incised plateaus. Benchscale experiments on effects of pipe flow and. Understand how interactions between different processes are expressed through geomorphological signatures created in the landscape. Published by the american geophysical union as part of the water resources monograph series, volume 11. Channel processes are more important in higherorder streams. Soil erodibility and processes of water erosion on hillslope. Sediment transport mechanisms on soilmantled hillslopes. Model simulations using available field data were compared to field observations of rainfallpore pressure responses and were found to be in reasonable agreement. The impact of natural hillslope processes is important and is currently strongly influenced by human activity due to land use change and vegetation removal, and is becoming even greater due to climate change.
Hillslope form 199 field investigation methods 201 11. Rearrange individual pages or entire files in the desired order. Hillslope materials and processes transportation research board. Geomorphologists seek to understand why landscapes look the way they do, to understand.
Throughout the text emphasis is placed on the problems of data collection in the field and on the reliability of interpretations. The ratio ofcompressive strength of material saturated with water to that in dry state is known as coefficientof softening and describes the water resistance of materials. Landslides are types of mass wasting that have a distinct plane or zone of sliding. The study of hillslopes is shared as an interest by a wide constituency of scientists. A variety of processes exist by which materials can be moved through the hillslope system. Introduction of a sourcesink term n allows simulation of storminterstorm sequences in addition to drainage processes, while a function s. Structural and functional connectivity as a driver of. Flow processes in and over this hillslope will be influenced by its geometry as well as by the hydraulic properties of the porous medium and the surface. Hillslope processes shape mountain landscapes, but how do these processes actually work. Erosion and sedimentation in a semiarid environment channel and hillslope processes in a semiarid area, new mexico by luna b.
Selby 1985 water causes geomorphologicalchange by weathering, eroding and transporting earth materials. Understand the contribution of groundwater to storm runoff. Mass wasting processes are classified by materials, rates and processes, and a. All part of the land surface are linked in the flow of water, solutes and sediment through the drainage basin system. The present topography and soil thickness reflect a sensitive balance between weathering, erosion, and deposition. View notes 6hillslopes from ess 102 at morehead state university. Hillslopestorage boussinesq model for subsurface flow and. Log in or sign up to manage your videos and for new video alerts. Hillslopes provide the gradients enabling material to be. This book is intended for students who approach the study of hillslopes, and the rocks and soils on which they develop, from such traditional disciplines as geomorphology, geology, engineering, and soil science. The mountainous topography is responsible for creating a variety of climates.
Approximately seventy per cent of the text is new, with many new figures and plates, which has enabled professor selby to provide a more comprehensive introduction than in the first edition to the nature of chemical bonding, the properties of mineral particles and fabrics of weak rock, rheology of rock and soil, hillslope hydrology, hillslope. Select multiple pdf files and merge them in seconds. This book presents a cuttingedge quantitative approach to understanding hydromechanical processes across variably saturated hillslope environments and to the study and prediction of. Advances in understanding of hydrological processes have been abundant in the last. Soil erodibility and processes of water erosion on hillslope rorke b. This second edition has the same general purpose as the first edition. The operation of mass movement processes relies upon the development of instability in the hillslope system. This book is intended for students who approach the stud. The physical processes connected with the runoff process on a hillslope are identified. Materials noncohesive coarsetextured materials low in claysized particles colluvium sands gravels weathered sur residual soils face of most tills debris avalanches and debris flows dominate in noncohesive materials. These different hillslope processes alter both the visual appearance of the landscape and the predicted relationship between slope and contributing area.
In soilmantled parts of the world, the geomorphic and hydrologic processes involved in hillslope sediment transport are strongly influenced by soil properties. Colluvial accumulations merge with channel deposits and blanket the valleys and tributary basins even up to a few hundred feet of the drainage divides. Unsorted, mobile or potentially mobile hillslope material that overlies a more stable substrate, including bedrock and consolidated sediments. Then we can look at how individual events, of different magnitudes, stack up in time. Process studies in hillslope hydrology pdf despite rapid hillslope transport processes during events, soil. Specific hillslope processes examine processes operating on hillslopes. Structural and functional connectivity as a driver of hillslope erosion following disturbance c. Computational inquiry into a hillslope surface model. This chapter describes the processes and equations for a single ofe in sections 4. Pdf this chapter describes the dominant types of processes present on. Subtitle language log in or sign up to manage your videos and for new video alerts. Hillslope hydrology and stability oregon state university. Landslides are triggered when shear stress exceeds materials shear strength leading to failure.
This monograph compiles research findings on soil mass movement into a format usable by practitioners and students. Hillslope hydrology and stability ning lu colorado school of mines jonathan godt united states geological survey, colorado about the book landslides are caused by a failure of the mechanical balance within hillslopes. Chapter denudation, weathering and mass wasting routledge. Slope angle is a major indicator of the stability of these sites. The properties of building materials are greatly influenced when saturated. Dorren lka, maier b, putters us, seijmonsbergen ac 2004 combining field and. The role of soil processes in determining mechanisms of slope. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Bryan soil erosion laboratory, faculty of forestry, uni. Hillslope materials and processes 2nd edition by m. In many areas, the dominant source of sediment is the stream bank itself.
For practical purposes, water may be treated as incompressible, and continuity of mass or volume must be maintained, taking into account inputs and outputs, including. This second edition is a model of clarity, production and explanation. At the same time, students learn to experiment with different functions and come up with questions about inquiring into surface processes that they would unlikely have come up with by looking at photographs and maps or landscape models generated by someone else. Myrich abstract ephemeral washes having drainage areas from a few acres to 5 square miles are shown by actual measurement to be ac cumulating sediment on the streambed. Hillslope stability and land use water resources monograph. Since publication of the first edition, not only has knowledge advanced but an interdisciplinary approach to much of the research has become. Q3 q for main channel hydrology of 1st order streams are controlled by hillslope processes. Feb 03, 1983 hillslope materials and processes book. Hillslope processes hillslopes essentially cover the whole landscape. Gcse igcse alevel ialevel ib geography national 5 geography. Hillslope processes, drainage density, and landscape. Strande anorthwest watershed research center, agricultural research service, usda, 800 park boulevard, plaza 4, suite 105, boise, id 83712, usa. The stabilizing strength of hillslope materials depends on effective stress, which is diminished by rainfall. Look first at the physics and geomorphic results of individual events e.
Strande anorthwest watershed research center, agricultural research service, usda, 800 park boulevard, plaza 4, suite 105, boise, id 83712. Recent studies have shown that the hillslope connection depends on. Water in soils and hillslope hydrology 202 water in soils 202 surface tension and capillarity 202 soilwater potential 203 soilwater content and tension 204 soilwater movement 205 hillslopes in the hydrological cycle 207 interception 208 infiltration 208 concepts of runoff 2 runoff processes 214. Functional relationships between denudation and hillslope. Hillslope runoff processes and models sciencedirect. Matlab is being used as an inquiry tool to investigate hillslope surfaces. The combined data set consisting of all soil failures shows that scar depth or deposit thickness does not vary with landslide area, whereas the median depths of soil landslide scars increase by less than one order of magnitude with increasing landslide area fig. Both the fundamentals of erosion and slope stability are discussed in this chapter with respect to processes, causes and impacts. Worked examples of all mathematical analyses are provided. The text attempts to integrate the relevant subject matter from these disciplines from the point of view of an earth scientist. The present study concerned the amounts of sediment pro duced by different erosion processes in various physiographic positions in the drainage basins. On the basis of the different threshold theories, we derive expressions for the relationships between drainage density and environmental factors such as rainfall, relief, and mean erosion rate. Slope processes and landforms hillslopehydrology why hillslope hydrology. The components which are considered in modelling the hillslope flow are the nature of flows in the macropore and micropore domains, the spatial and temporal characteristics of the macropore network, the interaction between the domains, and the initiation of.
A large channel in some soil, created by the erosion of flowing water. The terms colluvium or colluvial materials are used to refer to deposits. Since this is a lively, ongoing chat, heres some meat, from hillslope materials and processes, selby, 1993. Selby, 9780198741831, available at book depository with free delivery worldwide. It generally formed by weathering of underline material and moves downslope due to gravitational processes. The role of soil processes in determining mechanisms of slope failure and hillslope development in a humidtropical forest, eastern puerto rico. Hillslope processes occur on a complex template, composed of a wide array of topographies, climates, geologies, and ecosystems chapter 2, physiography of british columbia. This balance is governed by two coupled physical processes. This book is intended for students who approach the study of hillslopes and the rocks and soils on which they develop from such traditional. Under the natural condition, water, sediments, and rocks move down slope. Modelling of hillslope runoff processes springerlink.
Apply the hillslope evolution model to investigate the environmental conditions associated with the formation of specific hillslope forms. Geomorphology and stability analysis of the charonnier landslide. Runoff mechanisms in this lecture, we take a broad view of hillslope any parts of a. Pdf on jan 1, 2010, m geertsema and others published hillslope processes find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Hillslope materials and processes michael john selby, a. These processes are generically known as mass movement or mass wasting. This book presents a cuttingedge quantitative approach to understanding hydromechanical processes across variably saturated hillslope environments and to the study and prediction of rainfallinduced landslides.
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